What Is Autism, Really? Let’s Talk About It.

What Is Autism, Really? Let’s Talk About It.

According to the CDC, autism affects about 1 in 44 children in the United States. It’s not rare. It’s not a mystery. And it affects people of all races, genders, and backgrounds.

More people than ever have heard of autism—but knowing the word and understanding what it truly means are two very different things.

Autism isn’t something broken that needs fixing. It’s a neurological difference—one of many natural ways the human brain can work. Autistic people may process the world differently. That might look like being more sensitive to lights, sounds, or textures. It might show up as a preference for routine, or a deep focus on specific interests. It might mean communicating in a way that doesn’t match the norm—but that’s still valid and meaningful.

Everyone experiences autism differently. That’s why it’s called a spectrum—not because people fall on a scale from “more” to “less” autistic, but because each person has a unique combination of traits and needs.

Misunderstood and Mislabeled

In my work as a counselor, I’ve had the privilege of walking alongside many autistic clients—kids, teens, and adults. One thing I see over and over again is how often they’ve been misunderstood.

A child who’s overwhelmed by a noisy classroom might be labeled “defiant.” A teen struggling with anxiety or executive functioning gets called “lazy.” A quiet adult avoiding eye contact might be dismissed as “unfriendly” or “cold.”

But these are just surface-level assumptions. Underneath, there’s often a person doing their best in an environment that doesn’t always make space for how their brain works.

There is no one-size-fits-all experience of autism—and that’s exactly why awareness and compassion matter.

Why April Matters

April is National Autism Awareness Month, a movement started by the Autism Society in 1970 to help educate the public and reduce stigma. Awareness isn’t about sympathy—it’s about understanding. When we understand more, we support better.

Clearing Up Common Misconceptions

Here are a few common myths you might have heard—and the truth behind them:

• “Autistic people don’t feel emotions.” Many autistic individuals experience emotions deeply—they may just express or process them in different ways.

• “Autism is only a childhood condition.” Autism is lifelong. Many people aren’t diagnosed until adulthood, especially women and people of color.

• “All autistic people are alike.” Autism is a spectrum. Everyone’s needs, strengths, and challenges are different.

• “Autism is caused by vaccines or bad parenting.” Autism is not caused by vaccines. It’s a highly genetic, naturally occurring form of neurodiversity.

How to Be More Inclusive and Supportive

Want to be a better ally? Here are some ways to create safer, more inclusive spaces:

• Design sensory-friendly environments. Reduce loud noise and bright lights when possible.
• Be clear and direct. Use plain language and give time for processing or response.
• Respect social differences. Not everyone is comfortable with eye contact, small talk, or physical touch—and that’s okay.
• Normalize supports. Things like fidget tools, quiet spaces, or stimming should be accepted, not judged.
• Practice patience and empathy. If someone seems unresponsive or overwhelmed, don’t take it personally. Slow down and meet them where they are.
• Listen to lived experiences. Seek out and support autistic voices, stories, and perspectives.

Let’s Keep Learning—Together

You don’t need to be a specialist to be supportive. You just need to be open.

The best way to build understanding is through genuine connection. Talk to autistic people. Ask thoughtful questions. Stay curious. Be kind.

Awareness starts with empathy. And empathy begins with conversation.